Thanks to Luke, we know the first Abomination of Desolation referred to the Roman standards in Jerusalem and the armies surrounding it.
Thanks to history, we know there were 2 sieges, or abominations. Cestius Gallus sieged Jerusalem between Sep-Oct AD 66. He withdrew, however Titus came back in April AD 70 to finish it and those that didn’t get out of Jerusalem before the 2nd siege were stuck. The Christians who listened and obeyed Jesus’ words escaped after the 1st siege when the Romans withdrew.
The Bible uses types and anti-types to help us understand various things, including future prophecy, what the Jewish sacrificial system was pointing to (Jesus), etc. This will help us determine what the final Abomination of Desolation will be. And it will also involve a Roman (Catholic) standard.
While walking with Jesus, the Disciples pointed to the beautiful temple, it’s beautiful buildings and stones that made up that magnificent structure. However, Jesus, looking into the future, told them:
…See ye not all these things? verily I say unto you, There shall not be left here one stone upon another, that shall not be thrown down.
Matthew 24:2
The Disciples were amazed. While sitting on the Mount of Olives, they came to him privately and asked him:
…Tell us, when shall these things be? and what shall be the sign of thy coming, and of the end of the world?
Matthew 24:3