Didn’t Paul say we are free as Christians – not to be judged by the Law and the Sabbath? Aren’t we under the New Covenant?

Yes, however Paul was speaking of the Mosaic Law and the ceremonial sabbaths of the Jewish people, not the Ten Commandments. When Jesus died on the cross, the veil of separation was ripped in half, and the Jewish sacrificial system pointing to Him was no longer needed. The true Lamb of God came and died for us. That system and economy was simply pointing to Jesus and He had now come and gone.

Daniel basically says the same thing as Paul in the Old Testament, in his prophecy about the coming Messiah (Jesus) and the destruction of Jerusalem by the Romans in 70 A.D.:

And after threescore and two weeks shall Messiah be cut off, but not for himself: and the people of the prince that shall come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary; and the end thereof shall be with a flood, and unto the end of the war desolations are determined.
And he shall confirm the covenant with many for one week: and in the midst of the week he shall cause the sacrifice and the oblation to cease, and for the overspreading of abominations he shall make it desolate, even until the consummation, and that determined shall be poured upon the desolate.

Daniel 9:26,27

Daniel predicted the Messiah would be cut off (die, on the cross), and not for Himself (for us, to save us from our sins). Daniel also states that in the middle of that last prophetic week (3.5 years after Jesus began His ministry with His baptism by John), that He would cause all the Jewish sacrifices and offerings to cease. And this is exactly what Paul was referring to.

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